Identifier / Programs / Linux and Unix
hexdump
Display file contents in hexadecimal, decimal, octal, or ASCII. Useful for inspecting dump file, binary data, or debug output. tldr-pages
GTFOBins file-read 1 documented command
How hexdump is abused
file-read
Each abuse is GTFOBins's category and the options and words it uses; the full write-up is on GTFOBins's page for hexdump.
1 documented command
file-read unprivileged, with sudo, as SUID
The output is actually an hex dump.
hd /path/to/input-fileThis command is, with GTFOBins’ notes, from GTFOBins, at commit acd524623f9c of 2026-05-27, under the GPL-3.0, with no warranty. Changed: Markdown is shown formatted. The source is in lolbas-gtfobins-commands.json.gz, and the full entry is on GTFOBins’s page for hexdump. The identifier reads the line that runs hexdump.
Everyday use
Print the hexadecimal representation of a file, replacing duplicate lines by *
hexdump path/to/fileIdentifyDisplay the input offset in hexadecimal and its ASCII representation in two columns
hexdump -C path/to/fileIdentifyDisplay the hexadecimal representation of a file, but interpret only a specific number of bytes of the input
hexdump -C -n number_of_bytes path/to/fileIdentifyNone of the 3 examples the identifier reads matches GTFOBins abuse or trips a Sigma process-creation rule.